Closed-loop automated reaching apparatus (CLARA) for interrogating complex motor behaviors
Objective. Closed-loop neuromodulation technology is a rapidly expanding category of therapeutics
for a broad range of indications. Development of these innovative neurological devices requires
high-throughput systems for closed-loop stimulation of model organisms, while monitoring
physiological signals and complex, naturalistic behaviors. To address this need, we developed CLARA,
a closed-loop automated reaching apparatus. Approach. Using breakthroughs in computer vision, CLARA
integrates fully-automated, markerless kinematic tracking of multiple features to classify animal
behavior and precisely deliver neural stimulation based on behavioral outcomes. CLARA is compatible
with advanced neurophysiological tools, enabling the testing of neurostimulation devices and
identification of novel neurological biomarkers. Results. The CLARA system tracks unconstrained
skilled reach behavior in 3D at 150 Hz without physical markers. The system fully automates trial
in...